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Early results after Prodisc-C cervical disc replacement. J Neurosurg Spine ; 2 : — Howard has played on a struggling Los Angeles Lakers team and is now a member of the Houston Rockets. His abilities are much-lauded before and after surgery and he's expected to be a standout player again in the season.
George W. Bush's spine surgery. Former President George W. Bush underwent back surgery for a nagging disc problem and spent much of January recovering, according to a National Journal report. The surgery was performed without much fanfare and not reported until several months after it occurred. The two-term commander-in-chief has maintained a low profile since stepping out of the Oval Office, but was able to attend the dedication of his presidential library later that year in Dallas.
In , Mr. Bush also had heart surgery after physicians found a blockage in an artery and in he underwent a knee replacement surgery in Chicago. All Rights Reserved.
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Small Medium Large. Featured Webinars. Also in , American orthopedic surgeon, Berthold Hadra, MD of Galveston, Texas, was one of the first surgeons to successfully fuse the spine of a patient suffering from a fracture dislocation. Hadra performed an internal operative spine immobilization by wiring together the spinous processes of the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae. He credited his inspiration to a colleague, Dr.
Wilkins, who had successfully performed a similar procedure three years prior on a patient with tuberculosis spinal deformity. Known as one of the premier authorities on surgical practices, Hadra revolutionized spinal surgery as well as gynecological techniques. His books include The Public and the Doctor , which stressed the importance of the relationship between patient and doctor, and Lesions of the Vagina and Pelvic Floor , which describes an operation for the repair of injuries to the pelvic floor from childbirth.
In , a German surgeon, Fritz Lange, MD, was the first to perform spinal fusion surgeries on scoliosis patients. Lange revolutionized spinal fusion practice by straightening the spine with celluloid bars, steel, and silk wiring, which is very similar to modern stabilization techniques. According to literature, this was before the days of inert metals, and when metal was used for internal fixation, there was a race between the bony healing and liquefaction of the bone around the internal fixation device.
Then, in , the field took another step forward when orthopedic surgeons from New York City, Drs. Fred Albee and Russell Hibbs, were the first to use autogenous bone for arthrodesis in the lumbar spine. Many individuals suffered spinal fractures when they fell off of a horse or were a victim of a construction accident. In many cases, individuals with spine deformities needed treatment for back pain.
The first known references to spinal disorders trace back to ancient Egypt with the Smith Papyrus. The Smith Papyrus dates back to about B. The manuscripts include observations to determine the presence of a dislocated vertebra. According to this ancient text, a spinal fracture is related to loss of feeling in the legs and arms, or paralysis. This shows an early understanding of the connection between a spine fracture and neurological problems.
However, dating even further back is evidence of spinal surgery, found in Egyptian mummies from B. Hippocrates, born in B. He was a Greek physician who lived in Egypt for a long time.
His reports include cases of scoliosis, fractures, sciatic pain and dislocations of the vertebrae. He described spine deformities that are consistent with scoliosis. Hippocrates blamed spine distortions on poor posture and developed treatments involving contraptions known as the Hippocratic ladder and the Hippocratic board.
These tools applied pressure to separate joint surfaces without injuring surrounding ligaments. Galen was a famous physician and surgeon in the Roman Empire. He spent much of his life on a quest to figure out how the human body works.
Around A. Galen studied anatomy through animal experiments and his work as a physician for gladiators. However, because human dissection had been banned, many of his anatomical observations were inaccurate.
Spinal traction, which is a form of decompression therapy and relieves pressure on the spine, can be traced back to almost B.
However, the laminectomy, which is the surgical removal of part of a vertebra to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves, may be the first spinal surgery ever performed. Paul of Aegina arguably performed the first laminectomy around A. It is likely the procedure was used to treat spinal cord compression following a spinal injury.
Members of the medical world advocated for the laminectomy procedure as early as the 16th century. However, it was not performed again until the early s. Once surgeons embraced the procedure as treatment typically prescribed for trauma, infection or tumors, it became the only surgical spinal procedure for more than a hundred years until new technology and techniques developed during the 20th century.
The early cases of laminectomy in the 19th century usually did not go well. Severe complications were common, many laminectomy patients did not recover, and mortality rates were high. Due to many poor results, the medical community debated whether or not a laminectomy was an effective procedure. However, it is likely that a lack of modern anesthetic techniques, antibiotics and adequate pain medication contributed greatly to mortality rates, and early procedures and recoveries may have been more successful had modern medicines been on hand.
Nevertheless, there were some success stories relating to 19th-century spine surgery. For example, in , Dr.
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