Hazrat Usman is known as the Jami-al-Quran which means that he brought the Muslims around to a uniform reading of the Quran. The Quran that is being read today is the same as in the time of Abu Bakr. Nothing has been added or deleted from it and the arrangement of the chapters and verses are in the same order as proclaimed by the Holy Prophet, in accordance with Divine instructions.
Both were driven by different circumstances. He realized if the memorizers of the Quran were either killed or died naturally with the passage of time, a situation of confusion might arise throughout the Muslim world regarding the exact number of verses and surahs of the Quran.
If the future generations of the Muslims had no single copy of the Quran, they might be misled as the Quran is the basis of all thought and action for the Muslims. Usman, likewise, faced another challenging situation. Several newly converted Muslims in non-Arab territories began to argue about the ways of recitation of the Quran. There was a danger of the growth of sects amongst Muslims regarding the way of recitation because every group insisted that their dialect was the correct one and the others were wrong.
This meant that various groups might oppose each other and disunity amongst Muslims might threaten their fraternity. So Usman took a wise, timely action by compiling and standardising the Holy Book and burning all the copies which did not match the official and approved text.
Abu Bakr is rightly called the saviour of Islam because of the vital services rendered by him. Later as a Caliph he suppressed the apostasy movement and thus preserved the fundamentals of Islam.
He fought and won against the tribes refusing to pay Zakat. By eradicating both, Abu Bakr defended the basic principles of Islam. Answers could have basic references to the false prophets, the tribes withholding zakat and the apostate tribes. Some could go on to give fuller accounts of these challenges, faced by Abu Bakr. In the answers it could be described that at the time of Abu Bakr's caliphate there were a number of people in Arabia who claimed to be prophets like Muhammad.
Answers could give accounts of how Abu Bakr sent forces against all of them and write about the fighting against Musaylima in the battle of Yamama, which was the most fierce, and one in which many memorizers of the Qur'an were killed.
The revolt against Islam by tribes that had pledged loyalty to the Prophet and the refusal of some tribes to send taxes to Medina could also be described. Excellent answers will give a full account. To gain top marks in this question candidates need to show a good understanding of the reason why he was called the Saviour of Islam. A satisfactory answer would simply explain that he fought to prevent the break-up of Islam. However, more complete answers will explain that the false prophets and apostates threatened the uniqueness and unity of Islam and could not be allowed to continue their activities.
Hence when he became caliph he not only gave new heart to the Muslims after the Prophet passed away but helped the community of Muslims against its many enemies. In his short term as caliph he defeated the tribes who withdrew from Islam and made them stay Muslim and he fought and won against tribes who refused to pay zakat. He also defeated the false prophets and thus kept the unity of Islam when there was much danger.
The false prophets threatened the uniqueness of the Prophet Muhammad. Their claims suggested that Muhammad was not the last prophet sent from God. Sign up for My OBO. Already a member? Publications Pages Publications Pages.
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Your current browser may not support copying via this button. Introduction Abu Bakr b. General Overviews As the closest companion of the Prophet and the first caliph, Abu Bakr is referenced in most publications on early Islam. Stop, O people, that I may give you ten rules for your guidance in the battlefield. Do not commit treachery or deviate from the right path.
You must not kill a young woman. Bring no harm to the trees which are fruitful. Hazrat Abu-Bakr took the office of caliphate at the most crucial and critical moment in Islamic history. He gave Islam a new life after the death of the Holy Prophet P. Islam was in its infant stage when he was entrusted with the responsibility of Caliphate.
He was threatened by rebellion, rise or fall prophets and apostasy movement. He crushed all the infidel powers because of his unshakable faith. No amount of difficulty could make him negligent of the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet P. He brought unity among the Muslims and crushed all the rebellions.
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